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2017年高考英语语法必考知识点:动词不定式的特殊句型

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▲高考英语语法必考知识点:动词不定式的特殊句型

so as to

(1) 表示目的;它的否定式是so as not to do。

Tom kept quiet about the accident so as not to lose his job.汤姆对事故保持沉默是为了不丢掉他的工作。

Go in quietly so as not to wake the baby.轻点进去,别惊醒了婴儿。

(2)so kind as to ——劳驾

Would you be so kind as to tell me the time劳驾,现在几点了。

▲高考英语语法必考知识点:动词不定式的特殊句型

"Why not +动词原形"表达向某人提出建议

"为什么不……" "干吗不……"

例如:

Why not take a holiday

干吗不去度假

▲高考英语语法必考知识点:动词不定式的特殊句型

It's for sb.和 It's of sb.

(1)for sb. 常用于表示事物的特征特点,表示客观形式的形容词,如easy,hard,difficult,interesting,impossible等:

It's very hard for him to study two languages. 对他来说学两门外语是很难的。

(2)of sb的句型一般用表示人物的性格,品德,表示主观感情或态度的形容词,如good,kind,nice,clever,foolish,right。

It's very nice of you to help me. 你来帮助我,你真是太好了。

for 与of 的辨别方法:

用介词后面的代词作主语,用介词前边的形容词作表语,造个句子。如果道理上通顺用of,不通则用for。如:

You are nice.(通顺,所以应用of)。

He is hard.(人是困难的,不通,因此应用for。)

▲高考英语语法必考知识点:动词不定式的特殊句型

不定式的特殊句型too…to…

(1)too…to太…以至于…

He is too excited to speak.他太激动了,说不出话来。

——Can I help you 需要我帮忙吗

——Well,I'm afraid the box is too heavy for you to carry it,but thank you all the same.不用了。这箱子太重,恐怕你搬不动。谢谢您。

(2) 如在too前有否定词,则整个句子用否定词表达肯定, too 后那个词表达一种委婉含义,意 为“不太”。

It's never too late to mend.(谚语)

改过不嫌晚。

(3)当too 前面有only,all,but时,意思是:非常… 等于very。

I'm only too pleased to be able to help you. 我非常高兴能帮助你。

He was but too eager to get home. 他非常想回家。

▲高考英语语法必考知识点:动词不定式的特殊句型

不定式与介词"to"区别

to 有两种用法:

一为不定式+动词原形;

一为介词+名词动名词,to 在下面的用法中是第二种,即to+ 名词/动名词:

admit to承认,confess to承认,be accustomed to 习惯于,be used to 习惯于, stick to 坚持, turn to开始,着手于, devote oneself to 献身于,be devoted to 致力于, look forward to 盼望,pay attention to 注意

介词but,except,besides+to do(do)

在这种句型中,如介词前有动词do,后面应接不带to的不定式;如无do,则接to不定式,即带do不带to, 带to不带do。如:

The enemy solders had no choice but to give in.

On Sunday afternoon I had nothing to do but watch TV.

▲高考英语语法必考知识点:动词不定式的特殊句型

1 动名词与不定式的区别

动名词表达的是:状态,性质,心境,抽象,经常性,已发生的不定式表达的是:目的,结果,原因,具体,一次性,将发生的

2 接不定式或动名词,意义相同

3在下列情况下,一般要用不定式:

①hate,like,love前有would(should)时,如:I'd like to have a cup of coffee.

②当谓语动词begin,continue,start等是进行式时,如:The students are starting to work on the difficult maths problem.

③begin,continue,start与know,understand等状态动词连用时,如:I soon began to understand what was happening.

⒋advise,allow,encourage,forbid,permit等动词后接动名词作宾语,或带不定式作宾语补足语。如:

Our teachers don't permit our/us swimming in the lake.

Our teachers don't permit us to swim in the lake.

4 部分动词后接不定式或动名词时,意义差别较大,应根据句子语境选择使用。

①forget,remember,regret后接不定式,表示现在或未来的动作,接动名词表示动作已经发生。如:

Don't forget to post the letter for me.

Have you forgotten meeting her in Beijing Airport

Remember to close the windows before you leave.

I remember writing him a letter a year ago.

We regret to tell you that all of you are not invited toattend the meeting.

They regretted ordering these books from abroad.

推荐阅读:

2017年高考英语语法必考知识点:动词不定式的否定式
2017年高考英语语法必考知识点:动词不定式的省略
2017年高考英语语法必考知识点:动词不定式作定语
2017年高考英语语法必考知识点:动词不定式作状语

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