人的记忆力会随着岁月的流逝而衰退，写作可以弥补记忆的不足，将曾经的人生经历和感悟记录下来，也便于保存一份美好的回忆。范文书写有哪些要求呢？我们怎样才能写好一篇范文呢？下面我给大家整理了一些优秀范文，希望能够帮助到大家，我们一起来看一看吧。

北外口译翻译技巧资料书篇一

王 瑛

英译汉部分要求翻译单句, 而不是段落或篇章。考生首先要读懂句子,了解句子的语法结构、使用的固定词组、习惯用法及词与词之间的语义关系, 然后, 再正确分析原文的语言现象和逻辑关系,进行透彻的理解, 最后, 力图用简洁明了的汉语表达出原文的意思。因此, 考生有必要掌握一些基本的翻译技巧。

一、翻译技巧一

一般的英译汉考题不会只是简单句。我们在做题时, 首先要从语法入手, 找寻和确定句子大的框架结构, 通过分析把句中的从句和插入部分先排除掉, 明确句子结构有助于我们正确理解整句话的意思。

(一)重点分析句子结构

其实, 就英语的句子结构而言, 是有规律可循的。除去省略句、倒装句、感叹句和

一些特殊句子外, 英语句子的结构可归纳为三类: be句型: 主语 + be + 表语

miss jones is a manager.琼斯小姐是位经理。

do句型: 主语 + do +(宾语)+(状语)he teaches english in this school.他在这所学校教英语。

be句型: there be + 主语 + 状语

there are beautiful wildflowers in the hills.山中有美丽的野花。

(二)确定语法现象和惯用结构

英译汉考题中常见的重点语法有: 时态、语态、主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句、定语从句、状语从句、动词不定式、动名词、分词、虚拟语气、倒装句、强调句等。考生要非常熟悉这些语法现象, 才不至于对句子产生误解。例如:

 anyone who is interested in it can go with us.对这事感兴趣的人可以跟我们去。(who引导定语从句修饰主语anyone) the problem discussed at yesterday’s meeting is very important.昨天会上讨论过的那个问题非常重要。(过去分词短语作后置定语修饰主语the problem) you could have done better if you had been more careful.要是细心一点的话，你就会做得更好。(if 引导虚拟语气的条件状语从句) hardly had i said that when she entered the room.我刚说完，她就进来了。(倒装句, 否定词hardly位于句首, 助动词had 放在主语i之前) it was not until last night that i noticed this matter.直到昨晚我才注意到这件事。(强调句: it was not until+强调成分+that句子其余成分) the books were either works on travel or detective novels.这些书要么是关于旅行的, 要么就是侦探小说。(连接词either„ or„连接两个表语)(三)熟悉固定搭配词组和习惯用法

英译汉考题中还常常会设计一个关键的考点 – 固定搭配的词组和习惯表达法, 旨在考查考生对词汇的掌握和运用情况。考生在理解这些习惯用语时会感到很困难, 这是因为单从组成某个习惯用语的词的字面意思上来理解其含义, 往往会出偏差, 必将影响到对整个句子的理解。例如:

 they came up with a cure for the disease at last.他们最终发现了治疗这种疾病的方法(短语动词,意为“提出;发现”)

 the news got around by word of mouth.这一消息通过人们的口传播开来。(介词短语,意为“口头流传”)

 it’ll be cheaper in the long run to use real leather.从长远的观点来看, 用真皮更便宜。(介词短语,意为“从长远的观点来看”)

 i’ll tell them the truth, regardless of what they want to hear.不管他们愿不愿意听, 我要告诉他们真相。(形容词短语,意为 “不管...”)

 punishment had very little effect on him.惩罚对他没有什么效果。(名词短语,意为“对„起作用”)

(四)熟练掌握过渡连接词

过渡连接词是使上下文的连接自然、紧凑的有效方法，使文章整体具有结构上的粘着性和意义上的连贯性。因此,熟练掌握过渡连接词能充分把握住原文的意图和出题思路。过渡连接词按语义划分为以下最常见的几种类型

表示增补: and , also , besides , what’s more , in addition , furthermore „

表示因果: for this reason, because of, since, as a result, thus, therefore, so, hence „

表示转折: however, still, but, otherwise, despite, nevertheless, though, in fact „

表示列举: firstly, secondly, for one thing„for another, to begin with, then, last „

表示解释: for example, for instance, that is, namely „ 表示总结: in short, to sum up, in conclusion, briefly, on the whole „

例如:

 the railroad connects two cities, namely, new york and chicago.这铁路联接两个城市, 即纽约和芝加哥。(表示解释) she was very tired, nevertheless, she kept on working.她虽然很疲倦, 然而她却继续工作。(表示转折) he said that he could not find it and, furthermore, that nobody would ever find it.他说他找不到它, 而且也没有人会找到它。(表示增补) he was ill, and therefore could not come.(表示结果)他病了, 所以未能来。

二、翻译技巧二

每一种语言，在词意的运用，语句的铺排、句子的结构方面，都有其独特的方式，而每一词每一字所承载的文化信息亦各不相同。因此, 英译汉的表达方式总体上可以分成两大类:

（一）直译法：

一般来说, 在语言条件许可的情况下, 应该尽可能地用直译, 使译文既能保持原文的内容, 又能保持原文的形式和风格。例如:

o all roads lead to roma.条条大路通罗马。

o the soldier was as brave as a lion.那个士兵像狮子一样勇敢。

o my brother is like a duck to water in the new job.我哥哥在新的工作岗位上如鱼得水。

o it is he who has consistently offered fuel in snowy weather but never added flowers to embroidery.他这个人一向对人是雪中送炭，从来不是锦上添花。

（二）意译法: 为使译文得到和原文基本相同的文化信息，当翻译中遇到两种文化有差异，用直译无法使译文传达准确的信息时，就要在母语中寻找与其对应的表达方式，利用各种必要的转换手段进行意译。例如:  he is down and out as if/though he lived a dog’s life.他穷困, 潦倒，好像过着牛马一样的生活。（转译法-a dog’s life转换词义）

 he behaved politely while answering the interviewer’s questions.他在回答采访者问题时, 很有礼貌。(省略法–behaved 一词不译出) he is a stranger to the company’s business.他对于该公司的经营业务是陌生的。(转换法–stranger 名词转换成形容词) all preparation must be done before you do experiments.在做试验之前, 一切准备工作都必须做好。(增加法-preparation增加“工作”)

 each country has its own customs.各国有各国的风俗.(重复法-each country重复使用“各国”)

北外口译翻译技巧资料书篇二

1． australia is a land of exceptional is the world's smallest continent and largest island, and a relatively young nation established in an ancient land.a series of geological and historical accidents has made australia one of the world's most attractive counties from the tourist's country has a land area of 7,686, 850 square kilometers and its coastline is 36,735 kilometers.// the vast movements of the earth's crust created a vast land of australia, isolated it and positioned it across the tropical and temperate climatic land has a small population, which left enormous areas you witness an astonishing variety of environments, from desert to rain forest, tropical beach to white snowfield, from big, sophisticated cities to vast uninhabited areas.//

澳大利亚是一个异常美丽的国家。这是世界最小的洲，也是最大的岛，是在古老的土地上建立起来的较为年轻的国家。地质史上，这块土地的地貌形态发生了一系列变化，澳大利亚在旅游者眼中成了世界上最吸引人的国家之一。这个国家的陆地面积为7686850平方公里，海岸线长达36735公里。//地壳的剧烈运动使澳大利亚成了幅员辽阔，与大陆分离，地处温、热带地区的国家。由于澳大利亚可以观赏到各种地形风貌，从沙漠到热带雨林，从地处热带的海滩到白雪皑皑的田野，从扑朔迷离的大都市到人迹罕到的旷野，景观各异，令人叹为观止。//

is always a pleasure to be among the best and the brightest in an atmosphere of university setting is the best incubator that exists for the inception and sharing of agenda you’ve set forth here for the next two-and-a-half days is one that goes to the heart of what is exciting and important to business and industry today.i’ve been asked to share my thoughts with you today about moving from ―me‖ thinking to ―we‖ view is simple: individuals add;team players multiply.// tsinghua undergrads are fortunate in that more and more your university is encouraging teamwork in your case work, stimulating the transition from ―me‖ to ―we‖.at wilson, we, too, are making great strides in breaking down the psychological and organizational barriers that result from ―me‖ though we have more yet to do, we have been reaping exciting rewards by effectively using work teams to reengineer processes to gain improvements in costs, quality and response times.//

在学术气氛中置身于最优秀、最聪明的人士中间总是一件令人愉快的事。大学是思想涌现和交流的孵化器。你们所制定的两天半的议程将探讨的问题对今天工商业界来说是一些既令人兴奋又有重要意义的核心问题。今天我应邀向各位交流一下我对由―我‖思维转为―我们‖思维的看法。我的观点很简单，我认为个人做的是加法，而集体做的是乘法。//清华大学的学生很幸运，因为贵校越来越提倡学生在案例学习中开展集体活动，促使―我‖思维模式向―我们‖思维模式的转变。我们威尔逊公司也正在努力打破那些由―我‖思维带来的心理障碍和组织障碍。虽然我们还有许多事要做，但是由于我们在调整营运过程中有效地发挥了团队的作用，我们已经在降低生产成本、提高产品质量、缩短反应时间等方 面收到了令人鼓舞的成效。/ is one of the world’s great centers for classical and popular has enjoyed a reputation for superb theater since the time of shakespeare in the 16th variety ranges from the majestic royal national theatre to the lavish royal opera sheer number of symphony orchestras is impressive and includes the london symphony orchestra, the royal philharmonic orchestra and the english chamber orchestra.// some of the most well-known concert halls in the world, such as the royal festival hall, provide favorable venues for the cornucopia of performances in itself is a living museum, with more than 2,000 years of history and it also boasts one of the greatest concentrations of significant museums(more than 100)of any city in the jewel in this cultural crown is the british museum, with 4 kilometers of galleries and more than 4 million exhibits.// 伦敦是世界上古典文化和通俗文化的大中心之一。自16世纪莎士比亚时代起伦敦一直享有拥有一流剧院的美誉，如宏伟的皇家国家剧院和豪华的皇家歌剧院。伦敦拥有数量众多的交响乐园，如伦敦交响乐团、皇家爱乐乐团和英格兰室内乐园。//伦敦有一些世界上最负盛名的音乐厅，如皇家节日厅，为伦敦各类音乐演出提供了良好的场所。虽然有着2000年历史和文化的伦敦自身就是一座活生生的博物馆，它却集中了一个宠大的博物馆群，数量超过100个，为世界其他城市所少见。大英博物馆镶刻在这顶文化 皇冠上的一颗宝石，拥有 4 公里长的展廊和 400 万余件展品。

ver is predominantly a service the 1960s, employment in finance, insurance, and real-estate-related activities has tripled, that in accommodation and food services has quadrupled, that in health and welfare services has quintupled, and that in services for business has increased ment in primary and secondary industries has declined relative to population.// the majority of vancouver's historic buildings are in the gastown and chinatown sections of the city have undergone considerable change since 1960, when downtown high-rise office buildings and hotels were creek – a decaying industrial area with sawmills, rail yards, and small shops--was transformed into a residential development n, the original heart of the city, was restored in the 1880s style with antique stores and boutiques.//

服务业是温哥华的主要行业。自20世纪60年代以来，金融、保险以及房地产相关行业的从业人员增至3倍，旅馆餐饮服务业的从业人员增至4倍，卫生福利服务业的从业人员增至5倍，商业服务的从业人员增至8倍。第一和第二产业的从业人员的比率下降了。//温哥华的历史建筑大多坐落在盖斯敦和中国城地区。自1960年以来，温哥华的老城区发生了相当大的变化，市中心的摩天办公楼和旅馆拔地而起。法尔斯河这个锯木厂、铁路调车场、小店铺充斥其间的日渐衰败的工业区，已被改造为住宅发展区。旧城的市中心盖斯敦 区已重新恢复了 1880 年代的风格，古玩店和时装礼品店四处可见。

plunging water has worn away the lower rocks so that there are caves behind the sheets of water of both eers may enter the cave of the winds at the foot of the american falls and get an unusual canadian falls has carved a plunge basin 59 meters the united states and canadian governments have built parks, viewing platforms, paths, and highways.// the niagara reservation state park was established in 1885 and is new york's oldest state includes an observation tower, elevators that descend into the gorge at the base of the american falls, and boat trips into the waters at the base of the horseshoe night colored lights illuminate the falls and create a charming spectacle which viewers find hard to turn away park area has long been a tourist site and a favorite spot for couples to spend their honeymoons.//

飞泻直下的河水冲蚀着下面的岩石，久而久之，两大瀑布的水帘之后便出现了洞穴。游客可以进入位于美国瀑布谷底旁的―风穴‖，观赏穴内奇景，可一饱眼福。加拿大瀑布长年累月的冲蚀，在其谷底造就成一个 59 米深的盆池。美加两国政府分别为尼亚加拉瀑布建造了公园、观赏台、步行路径和高速公路。//尼亚加拉保护区州辖公园于 1885年建立，是纽约州年代最久的州辖公园。公园里耸立着一座观察塔，游人乘电梯直下，可来到美国瀑布底部的峡谷地带。游客还可以乘坐游艇驶入马蹄瀑布谷底的水域。夜幕降临后，瀑布在五色斑斓的灯光的照耀下，显得风情万种，妩媚无比，令人流连忘返。多年来，尼亚加拉瀑布公园一直是游人驻足之胜地，鸳侣蜜月之佳所。

zealand is a south pacific country located midway between the equator and the south within the south temperate zone, new zealand has an oceanic climate, without extremes of heat or parts of the country enjoy ample sunshine and rainfall, although the weather is rather s are the reverse of the northern hemisphere, with temperatures generally higher in the north of the country, which experiences sub-tropical warmth in brings extensive snowfalls in the southern alps.// new zealand is an active trading nation, linked to its principal trade partners by regular sea and air country is one of the world’ s largest exporters of wool, and the largest single-country exporter of dairy products(notably butter, cheese and milk powder), lamb and major exports and timber products, fish and horticultural is one of new zealand’s principal trade two countries have experienced increasing exchanges in many areas in recent years, including the frequent exchanges in cultural, educational and public health fields.//

新西兰是一个南太平洋国家，位于赤道和南极洲之间。新西兰地处南温带，属海洋性气候，没有严冬和酷署。尽管气候变化较大，但全国大部分地区阳光充足，雨量充沛。新西兰的季节与北半球相反，北部的气温一般较高，夏季有着亚热带地区的温暖。冬季到来时，南阿尔卑斯山脉为大雪所覆盖。//新西兰是一个活跃的贸易国，通过定期海上和空中运输服务与主要的贸易伙伴保持联系。新西兰是世界上最大的羊毛出口国之一，也是单个出口乳制品（尤其是黄油、奶酪和奶粉）、羊羔内和羊肉最多的国家。其他主要出口产品有木材、木器、水产和园艺品。中国新 西兰的主要贸易伙伴国之一，两国在许多领域里的交往，包括文化、教育和卫生方面的交流，近年来有增无减。/

sydney opera house is the mother and father of all modern landmark gh its architect was forced to resign and it was never properly finished inside, the opera house has come to define not only a city, but also an entire nation and sydney opera house was meant to look like a giant sailing you may bring whatever interpretation you would to it.// since its opening in 1973, the sydney opera house has been host to many of the most memorable, world-class artistic r, as time goes by, modifications are required to meet the needs and technology of the day, without, of course, losing its architectural new south whales government has agreed to provide $69.3 million for several projects to improve the facilities and environment for performing arts companies, patrons and visitors.//

悉尼歌剧院是现代社会所有划时代建筑物的先驱。虽然歌剧院的设计师被迫辞职，虽然歌剧院的内装潢从未圆满竣工，但是这件作品已不仅仅是一座城市的标志，而且也是一个国家和一个洲的象征。虽然悉尼歌剧院的原创形象是一艘巨大的航船，但是你可以按自己的理解作出解释。//自1973年剧院落成营业以来，已上演了许多场最令人难忘、世界级水平的艺术表演。然而，随着时间的流逝，这座剧院需要修整以满足时代发展的需要和技术进步的要求。当然，任何修整都不能以牺牲建筑整体特色为代价。澳大利亚新南威尔士州政府已决定斥资6930万美元，推出了几个旨在改进剧院设施和环境的工程项目，为表演艺术公司提供更好的演出条件，为观众和参观者营造更好的观摩环境。

ional chinese medicine says that good health is associated with the balance of qi--an energy force that flows through the can be hindered or helped by yin and yang--opposing forces that, when balanced, work harmoniously ing to traditional theory, the goal of acupuncture is to promote the flow of qi by keeping yin and yang in balance--and this is done by inserting needles at various points along primary channels and meridians that crisscross the body.// acupuncture is widely employed in easing cravings and withdrawal pains of heroin addicts.40% of the drug courts in the united states use acupuncture as part of their the miami system alone there are close to four hundred treatments per some countries, such as sweden, the doctors have achieved success with acupuncture in treating the effects of stroke patients getting acupuncture along with physical therapy did a lot better than those getting physical therapy alone.//

中国传统医学认为，健康的体魄与气脉平衡有关。所谓―气‖就是流动于体内的能量，其通畅与否由阴阳二气决定，当这两种相对立的气脉趋于平衡时，它们在一起就十分和谐。根据传统理论，针刺疗法的目的就在于使阴阳二气平衡从而加羁气脉的流动。其方法是将针刺入体内交错的主要脉络上的各穴位。//针刺疗法被广泛用于缓解海洛因吸毒者的吸毒欲望以及戒毒带来的痛苦。在美国，40％的戒毒所将针刺疗法用作治疗的组成部分。仅仅在迈阿密地区，每天就有近400项治疗使用针刺疗法。在有些国家，如瑞典，医生用针刺疗法成功地治疗了中风。那些同时接受针疗和理疗的中风病人与仅接受理疗的中风病人相比，前者的疗效远比后者好得多。//

'll find restaurants for every situation in the united you're in a hurry, you may just want to grab some “junk food” at a grocery store, or you can get a bite to eat at one of the many fast food chains, like mcdonald's, burger king, kentucky fried chicken, pizza hut, or taco you can get a hero or submarine sandwich “to stay” or “to go” from a sandwich shop or deli.// some of these places have tables, but many don' eat in their cars or take their food home, to their offices or to you prefer sitting down but still don't want to spend much, you can try a all of these places, you pick and choose your own food and then pay at a cash register, but you usually have to clear the table when you finish!//

在美国，你可以找到任何一种餐馆。你若来去匆匆，可以去食品店随手买些―方便食品‖，也可以从麦当劳、汉堡王、肯德基炸鸡店、―必胜客‖比萨饼屋，或玉米卷这些快餐连锁店中挑上一家，买些食物权且充饥。你还可以上三明治店或熟食店买一块―英雄‖型或―潜水艇‖型的大三明治，你可以―堂吃‖，也可以―外卖‖。//这类快餐店有的甚至连餐桌都没有，人们买了一份快餐后，有的拿到自己的车里去吃，有的拿回自己的家里去吃，也有的拿到办公室或公园里去吃。如果你既想坐在餐桌边上吃，同时又不愿多破费，那么你可以去自助餐厅。在那里，你可以先挑选自己喜欢的食物，然后到账台付钱。不过通常用完餐后，你得把自己的餐盘从餐桌上端走。

economist john maynard keynes argued that market behavior could not be rational, or subject to improvement, since our existing knowledge did not provide a sufficient basis for a calculated mathematical expectation of investment returns.i think this observation is particularly true when the object of speculation involves the application of a new technology, such as the internet.// modern financial theory attempts to surmount the problem of an unknowable future by suggesting that returns can be predicted by measuring the past volatility of share prices--shares that exhibit higher volatility are expected to yield greater this assumes the future will be a continuation of the past--like steering a car by looking in the rear-view ors therefore remain heavily dependent on their feelings of “greed” and “fear‖ , that drive markets remain constant throughout the ages.//

经济学家约翰·梅纳德·凯恩斯曾经说过，市场的行为不可能是理性的，也不可能改进，因为我们现有的知识不能为经过精确计算而得出的投资收益预期提供充分的依据。我认为在投机对象涉及到新技术的使用时，例如因特网的使用，凯恩斯的这种看法尤为正确。//现代金融理论试图解决未来不可预测的问题。按照现代金融理论，投资收益可以通过对股价以往的波动幅度来预测，也就是说，股价波动较大的股票可望带来较大的回报。但是这种理论是以未来是过去的延续为前提的，如同看着后视镜驾驶汽车一样。所以投资者仍然在 很大程度上凭着自己的情感操作。在任何年代，推动市场的―贪心‖和―担心‖这两种心情 总是永恒不变的。

psychology of the market is one that includes both the psychology of investing and the psychology of are the compulsive attractions of gambling in the undulating moods of the stock market, alternating between its bull phase of energy greediness and grandiosity, and the bear phase of timidity, anxiety, indecisiveness and self-doubt, reflect the manic behavior of the gambling ation differs from most gambling activities in that the beliefs of the participants affect the certain circumstances speculators are capable of creating self-fulfilling prophecies.// success in speculation is ultimately dependent on finding someone else to buy your shares at a higher price than you paid for him or speculative bubble resembles a chain letter in that profits are provided by late entrants to the ne is attempting to anticipate the immediate intentions of his such circumstances, paying attention to shifts in market psychology becomes essential.//

市场的心态表现出投机与赌博兼而有之的两重性。市场有难以抗拒的赌博诱惑。股市的情绪在牛市和熊市之间交替波动，牛市充满了高涨的贪婪情绪，熊市则弥漫着胆怯、焦虑、犹豫不决和自我怀疑的情绪。股市心态的这种波动折射出赌徒的躁狂行为。投机活动与大多数赌博活动的不同之处在于，投机参与者的信念会影响投机结果。在某些情况下，投机者能够创造出自我实现的预言。//投机的成功归根到底取决于别人能否以比你买入时更高的价格买下你手中的股票。每个投机泡沫就好比一封连锁信，利润是由后来入市者提供的。每一个人都在预测竞争对手下_步的意图。在这种情况下，对市场心理变化的关注是至关重要的。

utility of the united nations to the united states as an instrument of foreign policy can too easily be the years since its founding in 1945, the united nations has been more or less a servant of american most spectacular examples were the official un authorization and sponsorship of intervention in the ―troubled spots‖ of the world with an international peacekeeping er this fact: the united states provides an average quarter of the un budget.// many americans feel the united nations does not give good value for the any evaluation of the united nations must take into account the purpose for which the united states sought to create it: power without many cases, a victory of the united nations is a victory of the united recent years, however, with the growing position of china and some other countries in international diplomacy, the united states can no longer control un decisions as it did the united nations will continue to function as a useful instrument of american foreign policy.//

美国利用联合国作为其外交政策的工具很容易被低估。联合国自1945年成立以来，或多或少地成了美国利益的服务工具。最典型的事例是，在联合国正式授权和操办下，国际维和部队可以对世界上的―麻烦‖地区进行干预。你得考虑这样一个事实，美国给联合国提供的经费占了联合国总预算的1／4。//许多美国人认为，联合国没有对这种投资予以良好的回报。但是，对联合国的任何评价都必须考虑到美国所追求的目的，即不使用外交手段的力量。很多事例表明，联合国的胜利就是美国的胜利。然而，由于中国以及其他一些国家近年来国际外交地位的提高，美国再也无法像以前那样控制联合国的决策。当然，联合国作为美国外交政策的有效工具，将继续发挥这样的作用。//

must recognize that the world today is diverse, manifold, colorful and rich in terms of should be an asset rather than a debt of permeates all aspects of human rights, whether civil, political, economic, social or world would be a much better place to live in if we respected cultural diversity, practiced tolerance and lived together in peace with one another as good neighbors.// it is essential to transcend the differences in social system and ideology in handling state-to-state relations, and work to seek convergence of common interests, rather than model the world after one political system or development hope that the united nations will truly become a center for harmonizing actions of call for stronger efforts by the united nations to harmonize cultures through dialogues and consultation, as well as to resist any attempt to build a mono-cultural world by means of political pressure and coercion.//

我们必须认识到，当今世界的文化纷然杂陈、丰富多彩。这是人类的财富，绝非负担。这一特征反映在人权的各个方面，如民权、政治权、经济权、社会权和文化权。如果我们尊重文化的多样性，宽容忍让，和睦相处，这个世界会变得更美好。//处理国与国的关系应超越社会制度和意识形态的差异，努力寻求共同利益的汇合点，不能用一种政治制度和发展模式去规范世界。我们希望联合国成为国际协调中心。我们要求联合国发挥更强有力的作用，以对话和协商的方式协调文化关系，抵剖任何企图以施加政治压力的手段来建立一个单一文化世界的行为。

country has been a member of the organization for economic cooperation and development for almost 30 economic issues are among the core elements of post-cold war international relations and like other countries, we give priority attention to these increasing dependence on international trade and the effects of world economic conditions on our domestic economy have led to a sharpened focus on international trade issues in the pursuit of our foreign policy.// our economic and political future is linked closely with those of its asian and other pacific trade, investment and technology transfer, in the form of joint ventures with such countries, continue to h regular, reciprocal, high-level exchanges of visits, our close contact with their governments continues, particularly with the government of the people's republic of take the view that peace and prosperity in the asia-pacific region depend on the ability of the region's countries to cooperate to maintain economic growth and political are keen to ensure the stability and security of this region and to develop mutually profitable trade, investment, technological exchanges and cooperation.近30年来我国一直是经济合作与发展组织的成员。全球经济问题在冷战后的国际关系中处于中心位置，我们同其他国家一样对这些问题给予优先考虑。由于我国对国际贸易的依赖越来越大，由于世界经济对我国经济的影响，我们在奉行外交政策的同时更为关注国际贸易问题。//我国政治和经济前途与亚洲以及其他太平洋邻国的政治和经济前途休戚相关。通过与这些国家建立合资企业，我国的贸易、投资和技术转让继续得到增长。经常性的高层次互访使我们同这些国家的政府，特别是同中华人民共和国政府，继续保持密切的接触。我们认为，亚太地区的和平与繁荣取决于该地区各国能否进行合作以保持经济增长和政治稳定。我们迫切希望保障亚太地区的稳定和安全，发展互惠互利的贸易、投资和技术交流与合作。

15round-the-clock timetable is changing our way of 21st century office never leaves bring our wireless cell phones and notebook computers when are people who bring their cell phones into concert halls and them, missing an important business message is not a miss that is round-the-clock hyperspeed ”internet time“ won't give us quiet time for resting and increasing number of business executives have taken to bragging about how much sleep they them, the ultimate status symbol is the power to live by nature's clock rather than the net's clock.// of course, there is no going back to the agrarian past.i think the right attitude is to go with the tide of the times and live as a master of our time without submitting to a kind of 21st century will learn to arrange our lives according to our nature's clock within the framework of the 24-hour timetable of the net, rather than chasing after the net's sun that never sets, for such an act is, undoubtedly, not only a sign of incompetence but also an act of burning the candle at both ends.//

二.十四小时的全天候时间表在改变着我们的生活方式。21世纪的办公地点无处不在。我们外出度假时会随身携带无线手机或手提电脑。有些人甚至把手机带入音乐厅和会议厅，因为在他们看来，错过一个重要的商业信息是不可弥补的过失。二十四小时的超高速的―因特网时问‖使我们无法静心休息和思考。越来越多的企业行政主管开始把自己有时间睡觉作为吹牛的资本。对他们来说，地位的最大标志在于有无能力按照自然的生物钟而非网络钟来工作和休息。//当然，从信息时代退回到农耕时代是不可能的。我认为，正确的态度应该是顺应时代的潮流，做时代的主人，而不要做二十一世纪的奴隶。我们要在这个二十四小时的因特网时间表内，学会按照自己的生物钟来安排自己的生活，而不要去追赶那永不落的网络太阳。二十四小时地拼命追赶网络太阳无疑是一种无能的表现，等于两头点蜡烛。//

中到英

1.近代中国经历了一段积贫积弱、任人宰割的历史。落后就要挨打，这是中国人民从屡遭外来侵略的悲惨经历中得出的刻骨铭心的教训。一个国家只有首先自强，才能在世界上自立一百多年来，中国人民为实现中华民族伟大复兴的目标进行了不懈努力。//中华人民共和国成立后，中国人民自力更生、改革开放、与时俱进，在社会主义建设中 取得了举世瞩目的伟大成就。当前，中国人民坚定不移地抓住发展这个第一要务，正满怀信 心地为全面建设小康社会、实现现代化而团结奋斗。//

china experienced a period of enduring impoverishment and long-standing debility in its modern history and was for a time at the mercy of other g behind leaves one vulnerable to attacks, which is the never-forgotten lesson the chinese people have learnt from their tragic experience of repeated foreign invasions.a country has to strengthen itself before it can be sure of its place in the over a hundred years, the chinese people have made unremitting efforts toward the goal of rejuvenating the nation.// since the founding of the people’ s republic of china, the chinese people, through self-reliance, have carried out the national program of reform and opening up and, by keeping pace with the times, have made great achievements in building socialism that have caught the attention of the present, the chinese people stay focused on the primary task of development, working together with full confidence to build a moderately prosperous society in all respects and striving to achieve modernization.//

2.中方重视美方在贸易不平衡、知识产权保护等问题上的关切，已经并将继续采取积极措施逐步加以解决。中方不追求长期对美贸易顺差，将继续履行入世承诺，进一步向美国产品开放市场。中国政府高度重视并将继续加强知识产权保护工作。我们已经降低了对侵犯知识产权的刑事处罚门槛，已经并将进一步加大执法力度，开展保护知识产权专项整治行动。//解决中美经贸摩擦等问题需要双方共同采取行动。我们希望美方承认中国完全市场经济地位，取消对华出口商品和技术的限制，纠正贸易保护主义的错误做法。增加对华出口，而 不是限制自华进口，才是解决贸易不平衡的正确途径。//

china pays great attention to ns about trade imbalances, ipr protection and others, and has taken, and will continue to take, effective steps to address them is not after prolonged surplus in trade with the united states, and will continue to honor its wto commitments by opening its market still wider to chinese government attaches great importance to ipr protection and will step up its measures in this have lowered the threshold for criminal penalties against ipr infringement, intensified law enforcement and launched ipr protection measures will continue to be implemented.// it takes the efforts of both china and the united states to address their economic and trade hope that the united states will recognize china’ s full market economy status, lift restrictions on commodity and technology exports to china and correct the wrong practices of trade sing exports to china, instead of restricting imports from china, is the right course of action to solve trade imbalances.//

3.泰山的每个季节都有独特的魅力。春天，绿茵茵的山坡上，争奇斗妍的花朵到处可见。夏天泰山的雷暴雨堪称奇观。秋天，枫树叶漫山遍野，蔚蓝色的河水川流不息。冬天，雪盖群峰松披霜，景观素雅悲壮，别有一番情趣。喜逢艳阳日，极目远眺，重峦叠嶂，尽收眼帘。//但遇天阴时，环顾四周，苍茫大地，尽入云海。泰山的日出与日落，闻名遐尔。壮观的 自然风景以及不可计数的历史名胜，激发了古代文人墨客，为之舞文弄墨，创作了无数经典 佳作。泰山历来是画家骚客所钟情的聚集地。//

each season here has its beauty: bright flowers in full bloom covering the green slopes in spring, spectacular summer thunderstorms which are rarely seen elsewhere, blue rivers running across the mountains overlaid with red maple leaves in fall, and snow-capped mountains and frosted pine trees in winter that stage a quiet solemn spectacle of particular a clear day one can see the peaks rising one after another.// when the sky is overcast, the horizon disappears into a sea of tai is most famous for its spectacular sunrise and landscape and numerous historical sites have inspired many great classics of ancient writers, scholars and tai has long been the preferred gathering place of artists and poets.//

4.20国集团会议机制，涵盖了世界最主要的发达国家、发展中国家和转轨国家，成员国人口占世界总人口的2/3，国内生产总值占世界国内生产总值的90%以上，对外贸易额占世界贸易额的80%，是一个具有广泛代表性的重要国际经济论坛。//在当前国际形势下，20国集团各成员应该在平等互利、求同存异、灵活务实的基础上开展对话，加强同其他国际和区域经济机构的交流合作，以增进互信、扩大共识、协调行动，在健全国际经济贸易体制和规则、完善国际经济金融体系、加强南北对话和合作、促进全球 减贫和发展等方面，发挥更大、更积极的实质性作用。//

the g20 mechanism has included in its members the primary players of both developed and developing countries as well as those in ed by population size, they account for two thirds of the world total;by gdp, over 90 percent, and by foreign trade, 80 this has made it a widely representative and influential international economic forum.// in light of the current international context, g20 members must engage in flexible and pragmatic dialogues on the basis of equality and mutual benefits, seeking common ground while shelving ile, they must also increases exchanges and cooperation with other regional and international economic institutions to build trust, expand consensus and coordinate this will give them bigger and more active roles that can have a real impact on ameliorating the international trading systems and rules, improving the international economic and financial structures, enhancing north-south dialogue and cooperation and facilitating global efforts in poverty reduction and development.//

5.中国是一个有着 5000 多年悠久历史的文明古国。长期以来，中国人民以自己的勤劳智

慧创造了灿烂的中华文明，为人类文明进步作出了重大贡献。北京就是一座有 3000多年悠久历史的文明古城，800多年前北京开始建都。//离今晚会场人民大会堂不远的地方，就是举世闻名的故宫。故宫始建于600年前，是世界上现存最大最完整的古代宫殿建筑群。从历史悠久的北京和建筑精美的故宫这些缩影中，人们就能够生动地感受到中华文明源远流长、博大精深的深厚底蕴，感受到中华民族自强不 息、顽强奋进的壮阔历程。//

china is an ancient civilization with a history of over 5,000 chinese people have made major contribution to human progress by creating the splendid chinese civilization with hard work and city of beijing, with its long history of over 3,000 years, stands testimony to that establishment as the capital city began over 800 years ago.// a short distance from the great hall of the people, where we are meeting right now, is the world-renowned imperial built some 600 years ago, it is the largest and most complete existing architectural complex of ancient royal palace in the the time-honored capital and its majestic palace, people can feel vividly the long standing and profound richness of the chinese civilization, and the grand course of historical development that the chinese nation has followed with a dauntless and dashing spirit.//

6.海的字面意思是指―海上之埠‖，简称―沪‖，别称―申‖。上海面积为 6340平方公里，占全国总面积的 0.06%，属冲积平原，地势平坦，平均海拔高度为 4 米，最高点大金山海拔103.4，常住居民达1700万。这是世界上最大的海港城市之一，也是中国最大的工业、商业、金融、航运中心之一。//这里有着世界上最快的陆地交通工具——磁悬浮列车和亚洲最高的高塔——东方明珠塔，它们标志着上海的速度和高度。随着经济改革的日益深化，这座昔日被誉为远东金融、经济和贸易中心的城市正在为促进长江三角洲的经济发展起着龙头作用。与此同时，上海以她独特的风韵吸引着数百万计的海内外游客。作为一座国际大都市，上海的国际航班可直达 世界上 60 多座城市。//

shanghai is literally named as ―a port on the sea‖.for historical reasons, this city has acquired two additional names for short, ―hu‖ and ―shen‖.shanghai occupies a soil deposit plain land of 6,340 altitude of 4 meters above sea level, the 103.4 meter dajinshan being the summit of this 17 million people register as the city’s permanent ai is one of the world’s largest seaports and among china’s biggest industrial, commercial, financial and shipping centers.// here you will see the world’s fastest means of land transportation, the maglev train, and the tallest tower in asia, the oriental pearl tower, marking metaphorically the speed and height of its deepening economic reform, this city, formerly crowned as the financial, economic and trade hub of the far east, is playing a leading role in boosting economic development in the yangtze river ile, shanghai has attracted millions of chinese and overseas tourists with its unique an international metropolis, shanghai provides direct flights to more than 60 cities in the world.//

7.北京观光客自然都会游览故宫和长城，这是因为故宫和长城是举世闻名的旅游景点。而

今天我却想向各位推荐北京第三大旅游场所，北京世界公园。北京世界公园于 90年代初在北京兴建，是北京的最新旅游景点。这里游客那种―一日游尽天下景‖的梦想便可成真。//北京世界公园是规模雄踞亚洲同类公园之冠，所收微缩复制品的数量也堪称亚洲之最。世界七大奇观以及50个国家的约100处历史名胜和自然景观均以微缩模型展出。占地面积46.7公顷的世界公园分为17处风景区，收集了亚洲、非洲、欧洲、南北美洲以及大洋洲的 主要名胜景点。//

while the palace museum and the great wall, the two world-famous scenic spots, are known to all a must tourist destination for people visiting beijing, today, i’ d like to introduce to you the beijing world park, the third major tourist site in ted in the early 1990s, the beijing world park boasts the newest spot in beijing, and here the visitors may realize their dream of ―touring around the world in a day.‖// the beijing world park is the largest park of its kind, with mini replicas on the largest scale in seven wonders of the world and some 100 famous historical and natural sights from 50 countries are on display in 46.7-hectare world park features 17 scenic areas staging all the major tourist sites of asia, africa, europe, americas and oceania.//

8.中国是个多宗教的国家。主要宗教有佛教、道教、伊斯兰教、天主教和基督教。佛教在

中国已有 2000 多年的历史。现在中国有佛教寺院 1.3 万余座，出家僧尼约 20 万人。道教发 源于中国，已有 1700 多年历史。中国现有道教宫观 1500 余座，乾道、坤道 2.5 万余人。伊 斯兰教于公元 7 世纪传入中国。// 回族、维吾尔族等 10 个少数民族中的群众信仰伊斯兰教。这些少数民族总人口约 1800 万，现有清真寺 3 万余座，伊玛目、阿訇 4 万余人。天主教自公元 7 世纪起传入中国。中国 现有天主教徒约 400 万人，教职人员约 4000 人，教堂、会所 4600 余座。基督教于公元 19 世纪初传入中国。中国现有基督徒约 1000 万人，教牧传道人员 1.8 万余人，教堂、会所 1.2 万余座。//

china is a country with a great diversity of religious main religions are buddhism, taoism, islam, catholicism and sm enjoys a history of 2,000 years in tly china has 13,000-some buddhist temples and about 200,000 buddhist monks and , native to china, has a history of more than 1,700 now has over 1,500 taoist temples and more than 25,000 taoist priests and was introduced into china in the seventh century.// in china there are ten minorities, including the hui and uygur, with a total population of 18 million, whose faith is 30,000-odd mosques are served by 40,000 imams and icism was introduced into china in the 7th present, china has four million catholics, 4,000 priests and more than 4,600 churches and meeting tantism was first brought to china in the early 19th re are about 10 million protestants, more than 18,000 clergy, more than 12,000 churches and meeting houses throughout china.//

9.素有―江南第一学府‖之美誉的复旦大学已经成为一个包容文、理、工、医等学科的综 合性大学。一个世纪以来，一代又一代的复旦人秉承―爱国、奉献、求实、创新‖的 精神，以丰富的想像力、活跃的创造力和卓有成效的实践，在中国高等教育发展史上留下了深深的足迹。//同时，为人类的文明和社会的进步，为民族的振兴和国家的强盛，为上海的经济发展和文化繁荣作出了重要的贡献。当前，复旦大学正在大力推进学科建设和教学改革，提高办学质量和效益，全面提升复旦学术研究的知名度和影响力。//

fudan university, renowned without fail as the best university south of the yangtze river, has become a comprehensive university with a complete range of disciplines in liberal arts, science, engineering and the past one hundred years, the spirit of ”patriotism, dedication, truth-seeking and innovation“ has guided the fudan people generation after its rich imagination, active creativity and effectual practice, fudan has set up milestones in the history of china's higher education.// and it has contributed profusely to the progress of humanity and society, to the rejuvenation and prosperity of our nation, as well as to the economic and cultural prosperity of tly, fudan university is working hard in the hope of spurring discipline-construction and education reform, and improving education quality and efficiency, and elevating fudan's academic influence and visibility in all dimensions.//

10.上海博物馆新馆建筑总面积38000平方米，由地下两层、地上5层构成，建筑高度29．5米。这座壮观的新馆将方体基座和巨型圆顶及4个拱形出挑结合起来，象征着传统文 化与时代精神的完美融合。从高处俯瞰，上海博物馆的玻璃圆顶犹如一面硕大的汉代铜镜。从远处眺望，新馆建筑犹如一尊青铜古鼎，默默承载着 5 000 年历史和文明的重荷。// 上海博物馆南面大门的两侧，耸立着 8 尊汉白玉雕塑。这是从 300 多件汉、唐雕塑文物 中遴选出 8 件作品加以仿制放大，每件高近3 米，重约 20 吨，极具庄严雄浑之气。传统文 化与现代风格的完美结合，在室内装饰上也得以充分体现。//

the new site of the shanghai museum has a construction space of 38,000 square meters with two floors underground and five floors above the ground with a height of 29.5 grand new building, structured with a square base and a circular top with four arch-shaped handles erected on it, symbolizes the perfect fusion of china's traditional culture and the spirit of modern viewed from above, the circular top with a glass dome in the center looks like a huge bronze mirror of the han viewed at a distance, the whole building resembles an ancient bronze ding tripod, shouldering in silence the heavy weight of the five-thousand-year chinese history and civilization.// the southern entrance of the shanghai museum is flanked by eight dignified mighty animals in white-marble sculpture, each with a height of close to three meters and a weight of about twenty eight sculptures were modeled and magnified after the prototypes carefully selected from over 300 stone and bronze sculpture relics of the han, northern and southern, sui and tang dynasties collected in the museum's perfect combination of traditional culture and modern architectural style is also fully captured by the interior decoration of the museum.//

11.欧洲是交响乐之乡，也是歌剧之乡，是许多杰出作曲家的摇篮。中国也有歌剧，那就是京剧。京剧起源于200年前清朝时期的北京。京剧是一种集歌剧表演、歌唱、音乐、舞蹈和武术于一体的表演艺术。我们的服装展览会将展示这个―东方歌剧‖历时200年的发展史，以及源自清朝后期的舞台服饰。//服饰设计采用了夸张性和象征性的手法，色彩明亮鲜艳，用料独特，裁剪别致。另一场展览将展出600套服饰，其中有秦汉以来不同朝代的古装，有我国少数民族服装，也有现代服饰。我国的名模将登台表演，展示我国服装业和服装设计师的成就。//

europe is the home to symphonic music and also home to has been a cradle of many brilliant music has opera, 's peking opera, which originated from beijing some 200 years ago during the qing 's a performing art that embraces opera performance, singing, music, dancing and martial costume exposition will present 200 years of development of this ”oriental opera“ and the performance costumes dating to the late qing dynasty.// the costume design adopted exaggeration and symbolic means and bright materials are unique, so are the tailoring r exhibition will display a total of 600 sets of clothes, including the ancient clothes of different dynasties from the qin and han, the costumes of china's ethnic groups, and modern garments and models from china will participate to present the achievements of the chinese garment industry and chinese designers.// 12.中国人民自古以来的哲学思想就是―和为贵‖、―和而不同‖，我们历来主张中美两国文明虽有不同，却不相斥；虽有差异，却能交融。作为世界上有重要影响的大国，中美应该相互尊重、相互学习、求同存异、取长补短，为不同国家、不同文明之间和谐共存、进行建设性合作树立榜样，为实现人类的共同发展作出贡献。去年8月，美国波士顿斯诺敦公立高中的9名学生来到中国，到河北和北京与中国学生开展了为期半个月的―美中城市学生看中国‖活动。//活动中，两国学生克服语言和文化障碍，超越习俗和偏见，通过沟通和互动，结下了深厚的友谊。美国学生学会了唱中国歌曲《茉莉花》、画中国山水画。―我们喜欢中国!‖是他们由衷的心声。中国学生练就了标准的美式发音，还学会了跳美国街舞。依依惜别之时，两 国学生彼此承诺：努力学习，健康成长，未来再相会。//

since ancient times, china's prevailing philosophy has been one that preaches ”peace is most precious“ and ”harmony without uniformity.“ we always believe that though the chinese and zations are different, they can easily get along with each other instead of repelling each major countries of global influence, china and the united states should respect and learn from each other, seek common ground while shelving differences, and complement each other with respective so doing, we can set a good example for different countries and civilizations to live side by side harmoniously and engage in constructive cooperation, making a contribution to the common development of august, nine ts from snowden national school in boston joined chinese students in hebei and beijing in a 15-day program entitled ― chinese city students view china.‖// during the program, the students overcame language and cultural barriers, rose above perhaps one-sided views, and forged deep friendship through communication and ts learnt to sing the chinese song ―jasmine‖ and paint landscape with chinese brushes.―we like china.‖ these are words from the bottom of their chinese students learnt quite standard american english pronunciation and the american it came to the time of parting, the students promised to each other that they would study hard, keep fit and meet again in the future.//

13.中国人认为，太极是天地万物之根源。太极分为阴阳二气，阴阳二气产生木、火、土、金、水这五行。五行代表或作用于人体器官，即火对心，木对肝，土对脾胃，金对肺，水对。肾。阴阳化合而生万物，太极则代表了阴阳调和。//长期以来，世界只知道中国有指南针、火药、造纸和活字印刷四大发明。几乎很少有人知道中国已发现了经络的存在。经络是指人体内血气运行通路的主干与分支网络，针刺穴位 散布其间。北京经络研究中心通过现代科学方法，已经证实了经络的存在。经络的发现无疑 是为《易经》和《黄帝内经》的理论提供了强有力的佐证。

we chinese believe that taiji is the origin of all lives on comprises yin and yang, two types of vital five elements of wood, fire, earth, metal and water derive from yin and five elements correspond to, or affect, particular human is, the element of the fire corresponds to the heart, the wood to the liver, the earth to the spleen and the stomach, the metal to the lung and the water to the combination of yin and yang gives birth to all lives on represents the harmonious state of balance between yin and yang.// for a long time, the rest of the world was only aware of china's four major inventions: the compass, gunpowder, paper-making and movable-type few know about china's discovery of jingluo that exists in a human o is a system of internal main and collateral channels, regarded as a network of energy passages, along which acupuncture points are existence of jingluo has been proved by using modern scientific methods at the beijing jingluo research discovery of the existence of jingluo provides a strong support for the theories advanced in the book of changes and huang di's classic of internal medicine./

14.鲁菜通常较咸，汁色普遍较浅。鲁菜注重选料，精于刀工，善于炊技。作为我国北方菜系的代表，鲁菜烹饪技术广泛用于明清两代的宫廷菜。川菜选料范围大，调味及炊技变化多样。据统计，川菜的品种在五千种以上。川菜最大的特点是口味重，以麻辣著称。//最难归类的粤菜强调轻炒浅煮，选料似乎不受限制。粤菜源于明清，在发展过程中不仅吸收借鉴了中国北方烹调和西餐烹调的精华，同时也保持了自己的传统特色。扬州菜以江苏省境内的扬州、南京、苏州等地的地方菜式为基础之大成。扬州菜注重选料的原汁原味，在菜的装饰上讲究形态的艺术性和颜色的鲜艳性，扬州菜实际上糅合了南北菜系之精华。也有人以八个字来归纳这四大菜系的口味特点，即―南淡北咸，东甜西辣‖。//

shandong cuisine is generally salty, with a prevalence of light-colored dishes feature choice of materials, adept technique in slicing and perfect cooking ng cuisine is representative of northern china's cooking and its technique has been widely absorbed by the imperial dishes of the ming(1368-1644)and qing(1644-1911)n cuisine features a wide range of materials, various seasonings and different cooking tics show that the number of sichuan dishes has surpassed 5, a rich variety of strong flavors, sichuan food is famous for its numerous varieties of delicacies, dominated by peppery and chili flavors and best known for being spicy-hot.// cantonese cuisine, the hardest to categorize, emphasizes light cooking with seemingly limitless range of ese cuisine took shape in the ming and qing the process of its development, it has borrowed the culinary essence of northern china and of the western-style food, while maintaining its traditional local ou cuisine bases itself largely on the three local cooking styles of yangzhou, nanjing and suzhou, all within jiangsu emphasizing the original flavors of well-chosen materials, it features carefully selected ingredients, also, the artistic shape and bright colors of the dishes and more ornamental ou cuisine is essentially a combination of the best elements of northern and southern ing to some others, the characteristic flavors of china’ s four major cuisines can be summed up in the following expression: ―the light southern(canton)cuisine, and the salty northern(shangdong)cuisine;the sweet eastern(yangzhou)cuisine, and the spicy western(sichuan)

15.我们应该尊重和维护世界文明的多样性。各国文明的多样性，是人类社会的基本特征，也是推动世界文明进步的重要动力。当今世界拥有60亿人口，200多个国家和地区，2500多个民族，5000多种语言。各个国家和地区，无论是历史传统、宗教信仰和文化背景，还是社会制度、价值观念和发展程度，往往存在这样那样的差异，整个人类文明也因此而交相辉映、多姿多彩。//这种文明的多样性是在历史长河中形成的，并将长期存在下去。中国古代思想家孔子曾说过，―万物并育而不相害，道并行而不相悖‖。我们应该充分尊重各国文明的多样性，而不应人为歧视或贬低他国文明；应该鼓励各种文明在对话交流中相互借鉴、取长补短，而不应相互隔绝和相互排斥；应该倡导各种文明在相互包容、求同存异中共同发展，而不应强求一 律、强加于人。//

we should respect and maintain the diversity of the world's diverse civilizations are a hallmark of human society and an important driving force behind human world today has over 6 billion inhabitants living in more than 200 countries and break down into over 2,500 ethnic groups and speak more than 5,000 different it historical tradition, faith and culture, or social system, values and level of development, those countries or regions are often different from one is these differences that make our planet dazzling, colorful and bustling with life.// such diversity is a legacy of history and will stay with us into the ancient chinese thinker confucius once said, ”all living creatures grow together without harming one another;ways run parallel without interfering with one another." instead of harboring bias against or deliberately belittling other civilizations, we should give full respect to the diversity of d of shutting each other out in mutual exclusion, we should encourage dialog and exchange between civilizations so that they can learn from each other in mutual d of demanding uniformity and imposing one's will on others, we should promote common development of all civilizations in the course of mutual tolerance and seeking agreement while shelving differences.//