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▲高考英语语法必考知识点：常见的情态动词总结
情态动词 | 词义&用法 | 注意事项 | 特殊用法 |
can could | 1.表具备某种能力 | Can表现在能力；Could表示过去能力.可用be able to代替；was/were able to 表示成功做了某事 | （1）表惊异、怀疑、不相信、不耐烦等。（此意常用于否定句、疑问句或惊叹句语气）Can/Could this be true （2）can not…too\enough表示"无论怎样``````也不过分","越``````越好"： You can't be too careful. 你越细心越好 |
2.表请求和允许 | ①请求用could 语气委婉 ②允许不用 could. | ||
3.表“可能性” | ①can用于否定和疑问句(could不限) ②can (be)表示有时候会（常与sometimes, at times 连用） | ||
may might | 1.表请求和允许 | ①请求用might语气更委婉。 ②允许时用may，表示“可以”（表示允许时不用might）。 | （1）may/might well+V原形：表"完全可能,，很可能"= be very likely to:He may well be proud for his son. （2）may/might as well+V原形："最好，满可以，倒不如" You may as well stay here over night. |
2.表可能性“也许” | 此意常用于肯定句。（might可能最小） | ||
3表祝愿 | 固定句型为“May+主语+V原型”： May you succeed! | ||
must | 1.表“必须” | ①must多表主观、现在/将来义务; have to多表客观、过去义务 ②mustn't表"禁止"；否定用needn't / don't have to | （1）表示必然结果： All men must die.人固有一死。 （2）表示一种与说话人愿望相反、不耐烦的感情色彩，可译为“一定要、偏偏、非要”： If you must know, her name is Mary. |
2.表推测：“肯定是、准是” | 只用于肯定句。在否定句/疑问句中用can/could | ||
will would | 1.表意愿,决心等 | Would此时为will过去式，无意义差别 | （1）will表命令（说话者确定命令一定会得到执行）或允诺：You will report to me afterwards.(命令)They will get enough money from me.(允诺) （2）可用于祈使句附加疑问句(反义疑问句)：(此时would比will委婉) Don’t go now, will you （3）would短语：would rather/would prefer宁愿；would like/would love喜欢/想要（见注意①） |
2.表经常性，习惯性，倾向性， | Would表过去反复的动作/某种倾向(相对于used to无“现已无此习惯”之义。) | ||
3.表功能，性质 | 叙述真理：The tree will leave without water for 3 months. | ||
4.表估计：“想必，大概”（只时态区别） | 此意表对目前事物的预料。That will be the postman ringing.(would表示过去/现在；will表示现在/将来) | ||
5.表“请求/要求” （Will you） | 此意用于疑问句，常与you连用 Will you give me a piece of paper | ||
shall （shan’t） | 1.表征求意见（“好不好”） | 用在第一、三人称Shall the reporters wait outside or what | 点2其他示例： He shall have the book when I finish reading.(允诺) You shall fail if you don't work harder.（警告） You shall come at once.（命令） |
2.表允诺、威胁、警告、命令或根据规定有义务做 | 用于第二、第三人称 Passengers shall not talk with the driver while the bus is moving | ||
3.表规章、法令、预言：“必须” | 用于所有人称 Every competitor shall wear a number | ||
should ought to | 1.表示道义上的责任，义务或要求， | 有时表示劝告：You ought to /should pay more attention to what your lawyer says. | （1）should 用于疑问句中表示说话人对某事不能理解，惋惜，感到意外，赞叹，愤怒、惊异等感情，意为“竟会”，有时也用于陈述句中 （2）Should还可以用在if引导的条件从句，表示一件事听起来可能性很小，但也不是完全没有可能，相当于“万一”的意思。（见注意②） |
2.表示推测和可能性，是“ (按理说)应该”之意 | 肯定的语气没有must用于推测时强 This pen ought to /should be yours. | ||
3.表示说话人的一种谦逊，客气，委婉的语气 | 此意常用于第一人称时： You are mistaken , I should say . (依我看你是搞错了) |
▲高考英语语法必考知识点：常见的情态动词总结
练习题
（ ）1． — I get there on time today — No ， you needn’t ．
A． Can B． May C． Must D． Should
（ ）2． — May I talk about it with anyone I like — No ， you ．
A． shouldn’t B． mustn’t C． needn’t D． don’t have to
（ ）3． A teacher do every exercise ， but a pupil must ．
A． mayn’t B． needn’t C． can’t D． mustn’t
（ ）4． — Will you please give her a message when you see her
— Yes ， I ．
A． shall B． will C． can D． must
（ ）5． — Would you come back later next time
— No ， I ．
A． shan’t B． wouldn’t C． won’t D． mustn’t
（ ）6． — Must we finish copying all these articles this morning
— No ， you ．
A． mustn’t B． haven’t C． not have to D． don’t have to
（ ）7． The little girl dance before so many guests ， she
A． doesn’t dare to ， dare B． daren’t ， does
C． dares not ， dare D． daren’t ， dare
（ ）8． you tell me what’s happening over there
A． Could B． May C． Might D． Shall
（ ）9． I have a word with the manager ， sir
A． Will B． Would C． May D． Can
（ ）10． — Something flying far away must be a hawk ．
— No ， it be a hawk ．
A． mustn’t B． mightn’t C． can’t D． might
（ ）11． Man reach the moon or any other star in the universe now ， but we get there years ago ．
A． can ； couldn’t B． are able to ； weren’t able to
C． must ； needn’t D． can ； had to
（ ）12． Grandfather ， my sister come
A． will B． shall C． would D． could
（ ）13． “ What I do for you ” means “ I help you ”
A． can ， May B． shall ； Need C． can ； Can D． will ； Shall
（ ）14． — May I use your camera this Sunday
— No ， you ．
A． needn’t B． may not C． won’t D． mustn’t
（ ）15． I like to go to the cinema with mother on Saturday evening ．
A． will B． shall C． would D． can
（ ）16． You mind your own business ．
A． should B． are able C． have to D． had better
（ ）17． The speaker spoke slowly so that he be heard clearly ．
A． would B． should C． could D． shall
（ ）18． The patient live long for his cancer ．
A． has to B． mustn’t C． can not D． needn’t
（ ）19． That naughty boy go out alone at night ．
A． dare not B． dare not to C． doesn’t dare D． didn’t dare
（ ）20． — May I see the secretary
— Try ． But she （可能不）want to meet anyone ．
A． can’t B． can C． may not D． may be not
（ ）21． —Could I borrow your dictionary
—Yes， of course you ______．
A． might B． will C． can D． should
（ ）22． The fire spread through the hotel very quickly but everyone ______ get out．
A． had to B． would C． could D． was able to
（ ）23． The monitor must be in the reading－room，_____
A． mustn’t B． doesn’t C． needn’t D． isn’t
（ ）24． He hardly ______ say anything more， since you know all about it．
A． don’t B． needn’t C． needs D． need
（ ）25．You _____ to the meeting this afternoon if you have something important to do．
A． needn’t to come B． don’t need come
C． don’t need coming D． needn’t come
（ ）26． —May I pick a flower in the garden —______．
A． No， you needn’t B． Not， please
C． No， you mustn’t D． No， you won’t
（ ）27．—Helen， will you be at the party tonight
—Yes， but I have so much homework to do that I really _______．
A． won’t B． can’t C． mustn’t D． shouldn’t
（ ）28． If you listen to me， you _____ have some candies， Deary ．
A． shall B． may C． will D． must
（ ）29． Peter ____ come with us tonight， but he isn’t very sure yet．
A． may B． can C． will D． must
（ ）30．—Dare you go home at night
—_________．
A． Yes， I do B． No， I daren’t
C． No， I don’t D． Yes， I dare so．
（ ）31． When you go abroad， do you _____ take your passport
A． have to B． ought to C． be able to D． need
（ ）32．—You must phone us every week．
—Yes， I _____．
A． must B． have to C． will D． should
（ ）33． —Your language teacher looks a rather kind woman．
—But in fact she is cold and hard on us． You _____ believe it．
A． should B． wouldn’t C． mustn’t D． might not．
（ ）34． A wise man __ sometimes make a mistake．
A． can B． may C． might D． must
（ ）35． Don’t get the ink on your shirt， for it _________．
A． won’t wash out B． won’t be washed out
C． doesn’t wash out D． can’t be washed out
（ ）36． —Is your father still an engineer —_______．
A． Yes， he was B． He didn’t use to
C． No， but he used to D． No， but he used to be
（ ）37． There are so many people in the street that I _____ get through．
A． can’t B． couldn’t C． needn’t D． mustn’t
（ ）38． The classroom is empty． They must have gone to the sports ground，________
A． don’t they B． didn’t they C． haven’t they D． hadn’t they
（ ）39． —You ought to have come earlier．
—Yes， I ______．But the traffic was heavy．
A． ought to B． should C． must have D． should have
（ ）40． Last night he hurt his leg，but at last he ______ get home safely．
A． could B． can C． dare D． was able to
（ ）41． —Shall I tell John about it
—No， you ______．I’ve told him already．
A． needn’t B． wouldn’t C． mustn’t D． shouldn’t
（ ）42． Tom ought not to_____ me your secret，but he meant no harm．
A． have told B． tell C． be telling D． having told
（ ）43． —When can I come for the photos I need them tomorrow afternoon．
—They _____ be ready by 12：00．
A． can B． should C． might D． need
（ ）44． Sorry I’m late． I ___ have turned off the alarm clock and gone back to sleep again．
A． might B． should C． can D． will
（ ）45． —Are you coming to Jeff’s party
—I’m not sure． I _____ go to the concert instead．
A． must B． should C． would D． might
（ ）46． —Write to me when you get home．
—________．
A． I must B． I should C． I will D． I can
（ ）47． —I hear you have got a set of valuable Australian coins． _____ I have a look
—Yes， certainly．
A． Do B． May C． Shall D． Should
（ ）48． —Is John coming by train
—He should，but he ______ not． He likes driving his car．
A． must B． can C． need D． may
▲高考英语语法必考知识点：常见的情态动词总结
参考答案
1-10 CBBBCDDACC
11-20 ABCBCDCCAC
21-30 CDDDDCBAAB
31-40 ACAAADACDD
41-48 AABADCBD
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